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Which of the following terms describes metabolic pathways that break down complex molecules to release stored energy?

A. Catabolic pathways
B. Anabolic pathways
C. Bioenergetic pathways
D. Endergonic pathways

Answer :

Catabolic pathways involve the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones and typically release energy. Thus the correct answer is option (A)

Catabolic routes convert nutrient molecules into forms that can be utilized (building blocks). At the end of this process, energy is stored or used as heat to transfer. These pathways transform the energy generated during food digestion into ATP and other tiny molecules that can produce energy (e.g. GTP, NADPH, FADH2).

A few examples of catabolic processes are the citric acid cycle, the breakdown of muscle protein to use the amino acids as substrates for gluconeogenesis, the breakdown of fat in adipose tissue to fatty acids, and the monoamine oxidase-mediated oxidative deamination of neurotransmitters.

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