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__________ silences retrotransposon transcription as it's occurring by triggering localized histone modification and chromatin compaction.

A. RISC
B. Dicer
C. RITS
D. Argonaute
E. Cas9

Answer :

Final answer:

RITS (RNA-Induced Transcriptional Silencing complex) silences retrotransposon transcription as it's occurring by triggering localized histone modification and chromatin compaction. The answer is c.

Explanation:

RITS (RNA-Induced Transcriptional Silencing complex). RITS plays a vital role in silencing retrotransposon transcription by triggering localized histone modification and chromatin compaction. This process involves a series of enzymatic actions starting with Dicer (an endonuclease that turns double stranded RNA into short molecules), then, these short RNA molecules are transferred to the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC) which seeks out and degrades messenger RNA (mRNA).

After this, RISC associates with mature microRNAs (miRNAs), which also bind to RNA to further degrade it. However, for the process of silencing retrotransposon transcription as it occurs, it's the RITS complex that is primarily responsible.

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