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Show how the following alcohols are prepared by the reaction of a suitable Grignard reagent on methanal:

(i) [tex]\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}|\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}_2\text{OH}[/tex]

Answer :

Final answer:

To synthesize CH₃–CHCH₃–CH₂OH from methanal using Grignard reagents, create the isopropyl Grignard reagent, react it with methanal to form an intermediate, then acidify to obtain the desired secondary alcohol.

Explanation:

Preparation of Alcohols using Grignard Reagents

To prepare CH₃–CHCH₃–CH₂OH (where represents a methyl group, CH₃), by reacting a suitable Grignard reagent with methanal, follow these steps:

First, synthesize the Grignard reagent by reacting an alkyl bromide (in this case, isopropyl bromide) with magnesium in dry ether to form (CH₃)2CHMgBr.

Next, add this Grignard reagent to methanal (HCHO) to perform a nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group. The result is a magnesium alkoxide intermediate.

Finally, carry out an acidification step to protonate the alkoxide, yielding the desired secondary alcohol, CH₃–CH(CH₃)CH₂OH.

The overall reaction involves the addition of the Grignard reagent to the carbonyl carbon in methanal, followed by an acid work-up to produce the alcohol. The formation of new carbon-carbon bonds via Grignard reagents is a fundamental method in organic synthesis. This specific reaction allows the creation of a secondary alcohol from a primary aldehyde.

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