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Answer :
Final answer:
The cockroach scenario describes directional selection, where the resistant individuals survive after insecticide treatment. Directional selection favors specific extreme traits, whereas stabilizing and disruptive selection involve different phenotypic advantages. In this case, the survival of the resistant cockroaches illustrates how directional selection can lead to population changes.
Explanation:
Understanding the Types of Selection
In the scenario described, where a spray kills most cockroaches but leaves behind a few resistant individuals, this represents a case of directional selection. Directional selection occurs when individuals at one extreme of a phenotypic spectrum are favored, leading to a shift in the population's traits over time. In this case, the resistant cockroaches represent the extreme phenotype that survives due to the insecticide.
To differentiate among the types of selection:
Types of Selection:
- Directional Selection: Favors one extreme phenotype over others, resulting in adaptation in a specific direction, as seen with the resistant cockroaches.
- Stabilizing Selection: Favors the average phenotype and reduces variation. For instance, in a population of mice, average-colored mice might survive predation better than those that are too light or too dark.
- Disruptive Selection: Favors individuals at both extremes of a trait, potentially leading to a split in the population. This can be observed in environments where both light and dark-colored individuals have advantages, while medium colors do not.
Learn more about biological selection here:
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