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Josiah invests [tex]$\$360$[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]$3\%$[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]$y$[/tex], after [tex]$x$[/tex] years?

A. [tex]$y = 360(1.3)^x$[/tex]

B. [tex]$y = 360(0.3)^x$[/tex]

C. [tex]$y = 360(0.03)^x$[/tex]

D. [tex]$y = 360(1.03)^x$[/tex]

Answer :

Certainly! Let's go through the problem step-by-step to figure out which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after a certain number of years.

1. Initial Investment and Interest Rate:
- Josiah initially invests $360.
- The interest rate is 3% per year.

2. Understanding Compound Interest:
- When an amount of money is invested with compound interest, it means that any interest earned is added to the principal, and future interest calculations are based on the new total.
- The formula to calculate the future value of an investment with compound interest is:
[tex]\[
y = P(1 + r)^x
\][/tex]
- Here, [tex]\(P\)[/tex] is the principal amount, [tex]\(r\)[/tex] is the interest rate expressed as a decimal, and [tex]\(x\)[/tex] is the number of years.

3. Applying the Values:
- Substitute the values we have into the formula:
- [tex]\(P = 360\)[/tex]
- [tex]\(r = 3\% = 0.03\)[/tex] (as a decimal)
- This makes the formula:
[tex]\[
y = 360(1 + 0.03)^x
\][/tex]

4. Final Equation:
- Simplifying the term inside the parentheses:
[tex]\[
y = 360(1.03)^x
\][/tex]

Therefore, the equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after [tex]\(x\)[/tex] years is [tex]\(y = 360(1.03)^x\)[/tex]. This matches the fourth option given in the question.

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