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Josiah invests [tex]\$360[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]3\%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex], after [tex]x[/tex] years?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]
B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]
C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]
D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

To determine the amount of money in Josiah's account after a certain number of years with interest, we need to use the formula for compound interest. The formula is:

[tex]\[ y = P(1 + r)^x \][/tex]

where:
- [tex]\( y \)[/tex] is the final amount in the account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years.
- [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is the principal amount (initial investment). In this case, it's \[tex]$360.
- \( r \) is the annual interest rate expressed as a decimal. Here, it's 3%, which is 0.03 as a decimal.
- \( x \) is the number of years.

Let's apply these values to the formula:

1. Principal Amount, \( P \): \$[/tex]360
2. Interest Rate, [tex]\( r \)[/tex]: 3% = 0.03
3. Number of Years, [tex]\( x \)[/tex]: variable

Substitute these values into the formula:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1 + 0.03)^x \][/tex]

Simplify the equation inside the parentheses:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

This equation shows the amount in the account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years, including the interest.

Therefore, the correct choice is:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

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