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Josiah invests [tex]\$360[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]3\%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex], after [tex]x[/tex] years?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]
B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]
C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]
D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

To determine the equation representing the amount of money in Josiah's account after a certain number of years with compound interest, we use the formula for compound interest:

[tex]\[ y = P(1 + r)^x \][/tex]

Where:
- [tex]\( y \)[/tex] is the final amount in the account.
- [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is the principal amount (initial investment).
- [tex]\( r \)[/tex] is the annual interest rate (expressed as a decimal).
- [tex]\( x \)[/tex] is the number of years the money is invested.

In this problem:
- Josiah's initial investment (principal, [tex]\( P \)[/tex]) is \$360.
- The annual interest rate ([tex]\( r \)[/tex]) is 3%, which can be written as 0.03 in decimal form.

Plugging these values into the formula, we get:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1 + 0.03)^x \][/tex]

Simplifying the equation inside the parentheses:

[tex]\[ 1 + 0.03 = 1.03 \][/tex]

Therefore, the equation becomes:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

This equation represents the amount Josiah will have in his account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years, assuming no additional deposits or withdrawals are made.

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