Answer :

Final answer:

Ticlopidine is generally avoided in antiplatelet therapy due to its serious side effects, whereas clopidogrel or dipyridamole are preferred alternatives due to their effectiveness and safety profile, especially when combined with aspirin for dual antiplatelet therapy.

Explanation:

Ticlopidine is generally avoided due to its side effects, including severe neutropenia (a drastic reduction in white blood cells), thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), and the risk of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Switching to clopidogrel or adding dipyridamole to aspirin can be a better choice in antiplatelet therapy.

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) combining aspirin and clopidogrel is particularly effective for those with a STEMI or for preventing clot-related complications after stent placement. While long-term use beyond 12 months in stent patients does not alter mortality risks, DAPT serves an important role in minimizing the risk of cardiovascular events. It is often prescribed after plaque buildup has been identified to prevent clots from expanding and to avoid further complications such as strokes.

It's critical to note that aspirin, a common part of antiplatelet regimens, inhibits platelet function by blocking thromboxane A2, which can significantly increase bleeding time. Hence, it should not be used by individuals with major bleeding disorders or taken before surgery to prevent excessive bleeding.

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