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Differentiate the following expression:

[tex] y = x e^{-3x} + 7 e^{-x} + x^7 [/tex]

Choose the correct answer below:

A. [tex] \frac{dy}{dx} = -3x e^{-3x} - e^{-3x} - 7 e^{-x} + 7x^6 [/tex]

B. [tex] \frac{dy}{dx} = -3x e^{-3x} + e^{-3x} - 7 e^{-x} - 7x^6 [/tex]

C. [tex] \frac{dy}{dx} = -3x e^{-3x} + e^{-3x} + 7 e^{-x} + 7x^6 [/tex]

D. [tex] \frac{dy}{dx} = -3x e^{-3x} + e^{-3x} - 7 e^{-x} + 7x^6 [/tex]

Answer :

We are given the function

[tex]$$
y = x e^{-3x} + 7 e^{-x} + x^7.
$$[/tex]

We will differentiate this function term by term.

1. First, consider the term

[tex]$$
y_1 = x e^{-3x}.
$$[/tex]

This term is a product of two functions: [tex]$u(x) = x$[/tex] and [tex]$v(x) = e^{-3x}$[/tex]. By the product rule,

[tex]$$
\frac{d}{dx}[u(x)v(x)] = u'(x)v(x) + u(x)v'(x).
$$[/tex]

Calculate the derivatives:

- [tex]$u'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(x) = 1$[/tex].
- To find [tex]$v'(x)$[/tex], note that [tex]$v(x) = e^{-3x}$[/tex]. Differentiating gives

[tex]$$
v'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}\left(e^{-3x}\right) = -3 e^{-3x}.
$$[/tex]

So, applying the product rule:

[tex]$$
\frac{d}{dx}\left(x e^{-3x}\right) = 1\cdot e^{-3x} + x\cdot (-3e^{-3x}) = e^{-3x} - 3x e^{-3x}.
$$[/tex]

2. Next, consider the term

[tex]$$
y_2 = 7 e^{-x}.
$$[/tex]

Since [tex]$7$[/tex] is a constant and [tex]$e^{-x}$[/tex] is an exponential function, we apply the chain rule. The derivative of [tex]$e^{-x}$[/tex] is

[tex]$$
\frac{d}{dx}(e^{-x}) = -e^{-x},
$$[/tex]

so

[tex]$$
\frac{d}{dx}\left(7 e^{-x}\right) = 7\cdot(-e^{-x}) = -7 e^{-x}.
$$[/tex]

3. Finally, for the term

[tex]$$
y_3 = x^7,
$$[/tex]

we use the power rule:

[tex]$$
\frac{d}{dx}(x^7) = 7 x^6.
$$[/tex]

Now, adding the derivatives of each term, we get the overall derivative:

[tex]$$
\frac{dy}{dx} = \left(e^{-3x} - 3x e^{-3x}\right) + \left(-7 e^{-x}\right) + 7 x^6.
$$[/tex]

This simplifies to:

[tex]$$
\frac{dy}{dx} = e^{-3x} - 3x e^{-3x} - 7 e^{-x} + 7 x^6.
$$[/tex]

Among the choices provided, this corresponds to option D:

[tex]$$
\frac{dy}{dx} = -3 x e^{-3x} + e^{-3x} - 7 e^{-x} + 7 x^6.
$$[/tex]

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

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