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A store sells almonds for [tex]\$7[/tex] per pound, cashews for [tex]\$10[/tex] per pound, and walnuts for [tex]\$12[/tex] per pound. A customer buys 12 pounds of mixed nuts consisting of almonds, cashews, and walnuts for [tex]\$118[/tex]. The customer buys 2 more pounds of walnuts than cashews. The matrix below represents this situation:

\[
\left[
\begin{array}{ccc|c}
0 & -1 & 1 & 2 \\
7 & 10 & 12 & 118 \\
1 & 1 & 1 & 12
\end{array}
\right]
\]

If the reduced row echelon form of this matrix represents the amount of each type of nut the customer buys, which statement is a possible interpretation of the results?

A. The customer buys 1 more pound of walnuts than almonds and 1 more pound of almonds than cashews.

B. The customer buys 2 more pounds of walnuts than almonds and 2 more pounds of almonds than cashews.

C. The customer buys 0.5 more pound of walnuts than almonds and 2.5 more pounds of almonds than cashews.

D. The customer buys 6.5 more pounds of walnuts than almonds and 8.5 more pounds of almonds than cashews.

Answer :

Let $a$, $c$, and $w$ represent the pounds of almonds, cashews, and walnuts respectively. We are given the following information:

1. Walnuts: There are 2 more pounds of walnuts than cashews, which gives
$$w = c + 2.$$
2. Total weight: The customer buys 12 pounds of nuts, so
$$a + c + w = 12.$$
3. Total cost: Almonds cost \$7 per pound, cashews \$10 per pound, and walnuts \$12 per pound, with a total cost of \$118. Thus,
$$7a + 10c + 12w = 118.$$

**Step 1. Substitute the Relation for Walnuts**

Since $w = c + 2$, substitute this into the total weight equation:
\[
a + c + (c + 2) = 12.
\]
Combine like terms:
\[
a + 2c + 2 = 12 \quad \Longrightarrow \quad a + 2c = 10.
\]
Solve for $a$:
\[
a = 10 - 2c.
\]

**Step 2. Substitute into the Total Cost Equation**

Replace $a$ and $w$ in the cost equation with their expressions in terms of $c$:
\[
7(10 - 2c) + 10c + 12(c + 2) = 118.
\]
Expand each term:
\[
70 - 14c + 10c + 12c + 24 = 118.
\]
Combine like terms:
\[
(70 + 24) + (-14c + 10c + 12c) = 118 \quad \Longrightarrow \quad 94 + 8c = 118.
\]
Solve for $c$:
\[
8c = 118 - 94 = 24 \quad \Longrightarrow \quad c = 3.
\]

**Step 3. Find $a$ and $w$**

Substitute $c = 3$ back into the expressions for $a$ and $w$:
\[
a = 10 - 2(3) = 10 - 6 = 4,
\]
\[
w = c + 2 = 3 + 2 = 5.
\]

**Step 4. Interpret the Answer**

Now we have:
\[
a = 4, \quad c = 3, \quad w = 5.
\]
Next, we compute the differences:
\[
w - a = 5 - 4 = 1,\quad \text{and}\quad a - c = 4 - 3 = 1.
\]

This means the customer buys 1 more pound of walnuts than almonds and 1 more pound of almonds than cashews.

Thus, the correct possible interpretation is:

$$\textbf{The customer buys 1 more pound of walnuts than almonds and 1 more pound of almonds than cashews.}$$

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