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GAF is not included in the DSM-5. Therefore, what is recommended?

a) PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9)
b) GAD-7 (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7)
c) DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21)
d) BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory-II)

Answer :

Final answer:

The DSM-5 does not include the GAF and does not specifically recommend any of the listed tools to replace it, but clinicians use a variety of assessments like the PHQ-9, GAD-7, DASS-21, and BDI-II for evaluating specific symptoms.Hence option C is correct.

Explanation:

The GAF (Global Assessment of Functioning) is indeed not included in the DSM-5. Instead, a combination of assessments that focus on specific symptom domains is recommended. Among the options provided, none are directly recommended by the DSM-5 to replace GAF. Rather, DSM-5 encourages the use of its own cross-cutting symptom measures and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0).

However, out of the provided options, clinicians may use tools like the PHQ-9 or GAD-7 to assess for specific conditions such as depression and anxiety, respectively. The BDI-II may also be used to evaluate the severity of depression. The DASS-21 is another tool that provides a broader assessment across three areas: depression, anxiety, and stress.

An important study by Hunt, Slade, & Andrews (2004) found that the most prevalent disorder among over 9,000 U.S. residents was both generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). This highlights the importance of clinical tools in identifying and differentiating psychological disorders.

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