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1. For each type of single-gene abnormality, describe the conditions necessary for a child to be affected and specify any sex differences:
- Autosomal recessive
- Autosomal dominant
- X-linked recessive

2. When and why should a rubella immunization be administered to a woman of childbearing age?

3. Explain the differences between the amnion and the chorion.

4. List factors that may impair the ability of sperm to fertilize the ovum.

5. List factors that may disrupt the hormonal secretions a woman needs to achieve pregnancy.

6. List factors that may impair the structure and function of the fallopian tubes.

7. Describe the nursing interventions/patient teaching associated with each of the listed diagnostic tests for infertility:
- Semen analysis
- Basal body temperature
- Post-coital test
- Hysterosalpingogram
- Endometrial biopsy

8. Complete a table with the description, advantages, and disadvantages of the following:
- IVF (in vitro fertilization)
- GIFT (gamete intrafallopian transfer)

9. Complete a table listing clinical manifestations and therapeutic management of the following types of spontaneous abortions:
- Threatened
- Incomplete
- Complete

10. What teaching is needed for the woman having methotrexate therapy for an early ectopic pregnancy?

11. List the typical signs and symptoms of a hydatidiform mole (gestational trophoblastic disease).

12. What is the significance of epigastric pain in a woman with pre-eclampsia?

13. List signs of magnesium toxicity. What is the antidote?

14. Why are labor and the immediate postpartum period especially dangerous for a woman who has heart disease?

15. Create a table that defines the maternal effects, fetal effects, preventative patient teaching, and treatment of the following during pregnancy:
- Rubella
- Herpes virus
- Varicella
- Toxoplasmosis
- Group B streptococci

Answer :

The amnion and the chorion are distinct fetal membranes. The amnion is the inner membrane, while the chorion is the outer membrane.

The amnion and the chorion are two essential fetal membranes that play distinct roles during pregnancy. The amnion is the innermost membrane that envelops the developing fetus and is responsible for forming the amniotic sac, which contains the amniotic fluid that surrounds and cushions the fetus. This fluid offers protection and helps regulate temperature, allowing the fetus to move and develop without constraints. The amnion also aids in preventing infections from reaching the fetus.

In contrast, the chorion is the outermost fetal membrane that develops from the trophoblast cells and surrounds the amnion. It contributes to the formation of the placenta, a crucial organ for nutrient and gas exchange between the mother and fetus. The chorion is involved in the attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall and assists in the exchange of waste products and nutrients between the maternal and fetal bloodstreams.

In summary, the amnion and the chorion serve distinct functions during pregnancy. The amnion forms the amniotic sac, protecting the fetus and providing a suitable environment for growth, while the chorion contributes to placental formation and facilitates nutrient and waste exchange between the mother and fetus.

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Explain the differences between the amnion and the chorion.

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