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Josiah invests [tex]\$360[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]3\%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex], after [tex]x[/tex] years?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]
B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]
C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]
D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

To solve the problem of determining which equation correctly represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after a certain number of years, we need to use the formula for compound interest.

Here's a step-by-step breakdown:

1. Understand the Problem:
- Josiah invests $360 with an annual interest rate of 3%.
- No additional deposits or withdrawals are made, so we need to find how much money he will have after `x` years.

2. Formula for Compound Interest:
- The general formula for compound interest is:
[tex]\[
y = P \times (1 + r)^x
\][/tex]
- Where:
- [tex]\( y \)[/tex] is the amount of money in the account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years,
- [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is the principal amount (initial investment),
- [tex]\( r \)[/tex] is the annual interest rate in decimal form,
- [tex]\( x \)[/tex] is the number of years.

3. Substitute the Given Values:
- In this question, the principal amount [tex]\( P = 360 \)[/tex].
- The annual interest rate [tex]\( r = 3\% = 0.03 \)[/tex].

4. Formulate the Equation:
- Plugging the values into the compound interest formula gives:
[tex]\[
y = 360 \times (1 + 0.03)^x
\][/tex]
- Simplify inside the parentheses:
[tex]\[
y = 360 \times (1.03)^x
\][/tex]

5. Choose the Correct Equation from the Options:
- Comparing this formulation with the given options, we match it to:
[tex]\[
y = 360(1.03)^x
\][/tex]

Therefore, the correct equation representing the amount of money in Josiah's account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years is:
[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

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