Answer :

To find the mass percent of chlorine in hydrochloric acid (HCl), follow these steps:

1. Identify the atomic masses:
- Hydrogen (H) has an atomic mass of approximately 1.01 grams per mole.
- Chlorine (Cl) has an atomic mass of approximately 35.45 grams per mole.

2. Calculate the molar mass of HCl:
To determine the molar mass of HCl, you add the atomic masses of hydrogen and chlorine.
[tex]\[
\text{Molar mass of HCl} = 1.01 \, \text{g/mol (H)} + 35.45 \, \text{g/mol (Cl)} = 36.46 \, \text{g/mol}
\][/tex]

3. Find the mass percent of chlorine in HCl:
To find the mass percent of chlorine, divide the atomic mass of chlorine by the molar mass of HCl and then multiply by 100 to convert it into a percentage.
[tex]\[
\text{Mass percent of Cl} = \left( \frac{35.45}{36.46} \right) \times 100 \approx 97.2\%
\][/tex]

Thus, the mass percent of chlorine in hydrochloric acid is approximately 97.2%.

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