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Answer :
a) BMI is 15.956 b) Percent body fat is 445.75 c) VO2 max is 44.76 d) Betty's grip strength score is 3. e) Betty's BMI weight status is "Underweight." f) Not determined. g) Betty would fall within the "Poor" classification for cardiovascular fitness. h) Not determined i) Betty falls within the "Poor" fitness category for push-ups. j) Not determined.
a) Height: 68 inches = 68 × 0.0254 meters = 1.7272 meters
Weight: 105 pounds = 105 × 0.4536 kilograms = 47.6272 kilograms
Now we can calculate her BMI using the formula
BMI = Weight (kg) / (Height (m))²
BMI = 47.6272 / (1.7272)²
BMI = 15.956
Therefore, Betty's BMI is approximately 15.956.
b) Given the following skinfold measurements for Betty
Chest skinfolds: 7 mm
Triceps skinfolds: 8 mm
Thigh skinfolds: 12 mm
Suprailiac skinfold: 14 mm
The Durnin and Womersley equation for women is
Percent body fat = 495 / (1.29579 - 0.35004 × log(sum of skinfold measurements) + 0.22100 × log(age))
Sum of skinfolds = Chest skinfolds + Triceps skinfolds + Thigh skinfolds + Suprailiac skinfold
Sum of skinfolds = 7 + 8 + 12 + 14
Sum of skinfolds = 41 mm
Now, calculate the percent body fat
Percent body fat = 495 / (1.29579 - 0.35004 × log(41) + 0.22100 × log(52))
= 445.75
c) To calculate Betty's predicted VO2 max, we can use the 1.5-mile walk/run test time along with her age. However, we need the time converted to minutes.
Given
1.5-mile walk/run test time: 18 minutes and 20 seconds
Age: 52 years
First, convert the 20 seconds to minutes
20 seconds = 20 / 60 minutes = 0.3333 minutes
Now, add the converted seconds to the minutes
Total test time = 18 minutes + 0.3333 minutes = 18.3333 minutes
Next, use the following equation to estimate VO2 max for females
VO2 max = 132.853 - (0.0769 × weight in pounds) - (0.3877 × age) + (6.315 × gender) - (3.2649 × test time in minutes)
Weight: 105 lbs
Age: 52 years
Test time: 18.3333 minutes
Gender: 0 (female)
VO2 max = 132.853 - (0.0769 × 105) - (0.3877 × 52) + (6.315 × 0) - (3.2649 × 18.3333)
VO2 max = 44.76
d) Right-hand grip strength: 24 kg
Left-hand grip strength: 22 kg
Average grip strength = (Right-hand grip strength + Left-hand grip strength) / 2
Average grip strength = (24 + 22) / 2
Average grip strength = 23 kg
Now, we can use the following table to determine the grip strength score based on the average grip strength
Grip Strength Score
Less than 16 kg: 1
16 kg to 22 kg: 2
23 kg to 31 kg: 3
32 kg to 39 kg: 4
40 kg or more: 5
Since Betty's average grip strength is 23 kg, her grip strength score would be 3.
e) To determine Betty's BMI weight status, we must know her BMI (Body Mass Index).
BMI = 15.956
Now, we can determine Betty's BMI weight status using the following categories
BMI Weight Status
Underweight: BMI < 18.5
Normal weight: 18.5 ≤ BMI < 24.9
Overweight: 25.0 ≤ BMI < 29.9
Obesity: BMI ≥ 30.0
Based on Betty's BMI of 15.956, her weight status would be categorized as "Underweight."
f) To determine her percent body fat fitness category and percentile, we need to compare her percent body fat to standard values based on age and gender. The specific categories and percentiles may vary depending on the reference used.
g) To determine Betty's cardiovascular fitness classification and percentile, we can use her performance on the 1.5-mile walk/run test.
The 1.5-mile walk/run test assesses cardiovascular fitness and endurance. It measures the time taken to complete a 1.5-mile distance. In Betty's case, she completed the test in 18 minutes and 20 seconds.
General data
Excellent: Below 10 minutes
Good: 10 to 12 minutes
Average: 12 to 14 minutes
Below Average: 14 to 16 minutes
Poor: Above 16 minutes
Based on Betty's completion time of 18 minutes and 20 seconds, she would fall within the "Poor" classification for cardiovascular fitness.
h) To determine Betty's fitness category for grip strength, we can compare her grip strength values (right-hand and left-hand) to reference values based on age and gender.
i) To determine Betty's fitness category for push-ups, we can compare her performance to general norms for women of her age group.
Here is a general guideline for push-up fitness categories for adult women
Excellent: 35 or more push-ups
Good: 25 to 34 push-ups
Average: 15 to 24 push-ups
Below Average: 10 to 14 push-ups
Poor: 9 or fewer push-ups
Based on Betty's performance of 9 push-ups, she falls within the "Poor" fitness category for push-ups.
j) To determine Betty's fitness category for the trunk forward flexion test, it would be necessary to know the measurement or result of her forward reach in centimeters or inches.
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