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In medicine, which two pathways mediate the side effects of antipsychotic medication?

A. The mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways
B. The nigrostriatal and tuberoinfundibular pathways
C. The dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways
D. The glutamatergic and GABAergic pathways

Answer :

Final answer:

The nigrostriatal and tuberoinfundibular pathways mediate the side effects of antipsychotic medication.

Explanation:

On the other hand, the tuberoinfundibular pathway, which connects the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, is responsible for regulating prolactin secretion. Antipsychotic drugs, particularly some second-generation or atypical antipsychotics, can lead to an imbalance in this pathway, causing hyperprolactinemia. Elevated levels of prolactin can result in various side effects, such as irregular menstruation in women, sexual dysfunction, or even breast milk production in both men and women.

Understanding these two pathways and their potential side effects is crucial for healthcare providers when prescribing antipsychotic medications, as it allows for informed decision-making and the management of side effects to ensure the best possible treatment for patients with psychiatric disorders.

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