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Josiah invests [tex]\$360[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]3\%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex], after [tex]x[/tex] years?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]
B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]
C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]
D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

Sure, let's go through the problem step-by-step to understand which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after a certain number of years.

1. Understand the Initial Condition:
- Josiah invests $360 into the account. This is your initial investment, also known as the principal, denoted as [tex]\( P \)[/tex].

2. Identify the Interest Rate:
- The account accrues 3% interest annually. This means the annual interest rate is [tex]\( 3\% \)[/tex] or [tex]\( 0.03 \)[/tex] in decimal form.

3. Compound Interest Formula:
- The formula for the amount of money in an account with compound interest is:
[tex]\[
y = P \times (1 + r)^x
\][/tex]
where [tex]\( y \)[/tex] is the amount of money in the account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years, [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is the principal (initial investment), [tex]\( r \)[/tex] is the annual interest rate, and [tex]\( x \)[/tex] is the number of years the money is invested.

4. Apply the Values to the Formula:
- Plug in the given values, where [tex]\( P = 360 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( r = 0.03 \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[
y = 360 \times (1 + 0.03)^x
\][/tex]
- Simplifying inside the parentheses, we get:
[tex]\[
y = 360 \times (1.03)^x
\][/tex]

5. Select the Correct Equation:
- From the options provided, the equation [tex]\( y = 360 \times (1.03)^x \)[/tex] matches our derived equation.

So, the correct equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years is:
[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

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