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If the sixth term of an arithmetic progression (AP) is equal to 3 times the ninth term, show that the twelfth term of the AP is equal to the first term.

Answer :

Let the first term of the arithmetic progression (AP) be [tex]$a$[/tex] and the common difference be [tex]$d$[/tex]. Then, the general term is given by

[tex]$$
T_n = a + (n - 1)d.
$$[/tex]

Thus, the 6th and 9th terms are

[tex]$$
T_6 = a + 5d,\quad T_9 = a + 8d.
$$[/tex]

We are told that 5 times the 6th term is equal to 3 times the 9th term. That is,

[tex]$$
5(a + 5d) = 3(a + 8d).
$$[/tex]

Expanding both sides, we have

[tex]$$
5a + 25d = 3a + 24d.
$$[/tex]

Subtracting [tex]$3a$[/tex] and [tex]$24d$[/tex] from both sides results in

[tex]$$
5a - 3a + 25d - 24d = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad 2a + d = 0.
$$[/tex]

This can be rearranged to express [tex]$d$[/tex] in terms of [tex]$a$[/tex]:

[tex]$$
d = -2a.
$$[/tex]

Now, consider the 12th term of the AP:

[tex]$$
T_{12} = a + 11d.
$$[/tex]

Substitute [tex]$d = -2a$[/tex] into the expression for [tex]$T_{12}$[/tex]:

[tex]$$
T_{12} = a + 11(-2a) = a - 22a = -21a.
$$[/tex]

For the 12th term to be equal to the first term, we set

[tex]$$
-21a = a.
$$[/tex]

Solving for [tex]$a$[/tex], subtract [tex]$a$[/tex] from both sides:

[tex]$$
-21a - a = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad -22a = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad a = 0.
$$[/tex]

Since [tex]$d = -2a$[/tex], it follows that

[tex]$$
d = -2 \cdot 0 = 0.
$$[/tex]

Thus, every term in the AP is

[tex]$$
T_n = a + (n-1)d = 0 + (n-1) \cdot 0 = 0.
$$[/tex]

In particular, the 12th term is

[tex]$$
T_{12} = 0,
$$[/tex]

which is equal to the first term. Hence, we have shown that if [tex]$5T_6 = 3T_9$[/tex], then indeed the 12th term of the AP is equal to the first term.

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