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For a judge to approve a search warrant, state facts that are sufficient to establish:

A. Probable cause

B. Reasonable suspicion

Answer :

Final answer:

A judge must establish 'probable cause' to approve a search warrant, which is a higher standard than 'reasonable suspicion' and is necessary to protect against unreasonable searches and seizures as per the Fourth Amendment.

Explanation:

For a judge to approve a search warrant, state facts that are sufficient to establish probable cause. This legal standard is necessary to ensure that searches and seizures are reasonable and that the rights of individuals are protected in accordance with the Fourth Amendment. Probable cause is defined as having enough evidence to believe that a crime has been committed, or that evidence of a crime will be found in a particular place.

The concept of reasonable suspicion, on the other hand, is a lower standard that allows police to detain and frisk individuals if they believe a crime has been, is currently, or is about to be committed. However, it does not suffice for the issuance of a search warrant. A neutral judge or magistrate requires the higher bar of probable cause to issue a warrant, which must also be specific about the location to be searched and the items to be seized.

Therefore, when seeking a search warrant, law enforcement officers must demonstrate to a judge or magistrate that probable cause exists based on oath or affirmation, particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized, protecting against unreasonable searches and seizures.

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