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Part of a railroad track follows a circular arc with a central angle of 28.0°. If the radius of the arc of the inner rail is 93.67 ft and the rails are 4.71 ft apart, how much longer is the outer rail than the inner rail?

Answer :

To determine how much longer the outer rail of the track is compared to the inner rail, follow these steps:

1. Understand the Scenario:
- You're given a section of a railroad track that forms a circular arc.
- The central angle of this arc is 28.0 degrees.
- The radius of the inner rail is 93.67 feet.
- The distance between the two rails (inner and outer) is 4.71 feet.

2. Convert the Central Angle to Radians:
- Since calculations with arcs often require the angle in radians rather than degrees, we need to convert 28.0 degrees to radians.
- Use the conversion formula: [tex]\( \text{Radians} = \text{Degrees} \times \frac{\pi}{180} \)[/tex].
- Therefore, 28.0 degrees is approximately 0.489 radians.

3. Calculate the Length of the Inner Rail:
- The formula to calculate the length of an arc is [tex]\( \text{Arc length} = \text{Radius} \times \text{Central angle in radians} \)[/tex].
- For the inner rail:
[tex]\[
\text{Length} = 93.67 \, \text{ft} \times 0.489 \approx 45.78 \, \text{ft}
\][/tex]

4. Calculate the Radius of the Outer Rail:
- The outer rail's radius is the inner rail's radius plus the distance between the rails.
- So, the outer radius is [tex]\( 93.67 \, \text{ft} + 4.71 \, \text{ft} = 98.38 \, \text{ft} \)[/tex].

5. Calculate the Length of the Outer Rail:
- Use the arc length formula again for the outer rail:
[tex]\[
\text{Length} = 98.38 \, \text{ft} \times 0.489 \approx 48.08 \, \text{ft}
\][/tex]

6. Find the Difference in Lengths:
- Subtract the length of the inner rail from the length of the outer rail:
[tex]\[
48.08 \, \text{ft} - 45.78 \, \text{ft} \approx 2.30 \, \text{ft}
\][/tex]

Therefore, the outer rail is approximately 2.30 feet longer than the inner rail.

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