Answer :

Final answer:

Capillary rise is greater in tubes with a smaller diameter due to the adhesive forces and surface tension between the liquid and the tube. The principle of capillary action explains the transport mechanism in plant xylems and blood vessels.

Explanation:

Capillary rise, or capillary action, is influenced by the diameter of the tube. According to the principles of fluid mechanics, the smaller the diameter of a tube, the greater the capillary rise. This happens because the adhesive forces between the liquid and the tube molecules, along with the liquid's surface tension, cause the liquid to climb up the tube. For example, this is observed in plant xylems where water and dissolved nutrients are drawn up from the soil.

On another note, the scenario with blood vessels demonstrates how lumen diameter affects resistance, where a decrease in diameter leads to an increase in resistance, which can lead to a decrease in flow. However, this resistance factor is different from the capillary action phenomenon where smaller tube diameters lead to significant increase in liquid rise.

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