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Josiah invests [tex]\$360[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]3\%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex], after [tex]x[/tex] years?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]

B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]

C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]

D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

To determine the equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after a given number of years, we start with the concept of compound interest. Compound interest is calculated using the formula:

[tex]\[ y = P(1 + r)^x \][/tex]

Where:
- [tex]\( y \)[/tex] is the amount of money in the account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years.
- [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is the principal amount (initial investment).
- [tex]\( r \)[/tex] is the annual interest rate expressed as a decimal.
- [tex]\( x \)[/tex] is the number of years the money is invested.

For Josiah's situation:
- The initial investment ([tex]\( P \)[/tex]) is \$360.
- The annual interest rate is 3%, which as a decimal is 0.03.
- [tex]\( x \)[/tex] is the number of years.

Plug these values into the formula:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1 + 0.03)^x \][/tex]

This simplifies to:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

This equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years, assuming an annual interest rate of 3% and no additional deposits or withdrawals.

Therefore, the correct option is:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

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