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Answer :
To determine the ratio of red-to-white flowering plants in the F2 generation, we can look at the Punnett square provided for the cross of two geraniums from the F1 generation. The alleles involved are:
- [tex]\( R \)[/tex] for red flowers.
- [tex]\( r \)[/tex] for white flowers.
The Punnett square shows us the possible combinations of alleles:
[tex]\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
& R & r \\
\hline
R & RR & Rr \\
\hline
r & Rr & rr \\
\hline
\end{array}
\][/tex]
From the Punnett square, we can see the possible genotypes for the F2 generation:
1. [tex]\( RR \)[/tex] - This genotype represents red flowers.
2. [tex]\( Rr \)[/tex] - This genotype also represents red flowers because the presence of at least one [tex]\( R \)[/tex] results in red flowers.
3. [tex]\( rr \)[/tex] - This genotype represents white flowers.
Counting how many of each genotype we have:
- 1 [tex]\( RR \)[/tex] (red)
- 2 [tex]\( Rr \)[/tex] (red)
- 1 [tex]\( rr \)[/tex] (white)
If we combine the red genotypes ([tex]\( RR \)[/tex] and [tex]\( Rr \)[/tex]) together:
- Total red flowering plants: 1 ([tex]\( RR \)[/tex]) + 2 ([tex]\( Rr \)[/tex]) = 3
- Total white flowering plants: 1 ([tex]\( rr \)[/tex]) = 1
Thus, the ratio of red to white flowering plants in the F2 generation is 3:1. Therefore, the horticulturalist can expect to see this ratio in the phenotypes of the F2 generation.
- [tex]\( R \)[/tex] for red flowers.
- [tex]\( r \)[/tex] for white flowers.
The Punnett square shows us the possible combinations of alleles:
[tex]\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
& R & r \\
\hline
R & RR & Rr \\
\hline
r & Rr & rr \\
\hline
\end{array}
\][/tex]
From the Punnett square, we can see the possible genotypes for the F2 generation:
1. [tex]\( RR \)[/tex] - This genotype represents red flowers.
2. [tex]\( Rr \)[/tex] - This genotype also represents red flowers because the presence of at least one [tex]\( R \)[/tex] results in red flowers.
3. [tex]\( rr \)[/tex] - This genotype represents white flowers.
Counting how many of each genotype we have:
- 1 [tex]\( RR \)[/tex] (red)
- 2 [tex]\( Rr \)[/tex] (red)
- 1 [tex]\( rr \)[/tex] (white)
If we combine the red genotypes ([tex]\( RR \)[/tex] and [tex]\( Rr \)[/tex]) together:
- Total red flowering plants: 1 ([tex]\( RR \)[/tex]) + 2 ([tex]\( Rr \)[/tex]) = 3
- Total white flowering plants: 1 ([tex]\( rr \)[/tex]) = 1
Thus, the ratio of red to white flowering plants in the F2 generation is 3:1. Therefore, the horticulturalist can expect to see this ratio in the phenotypes of the F2 generation.
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