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A window air conditioner consumes 1 kW of electricity when operating and has a coefficient of performance of 3. It is placed in the middle of a room and is connected to power.

A) What is the rate of cooling or heating that this air conditioner will provide to the air in the room when operating?

B) If the air conditioner is considered as a heat pump or refrigerator, does the result change? Justify your answers.

Answer :

A) The rate of cooling or heating provided by the window air conditioner can be determined using its coefficient of performance (COP) and power consumption.

B) If the air conditioner is considered as a heat pump or refrigerator, the result would not change.

The COP is defined as the ratio of the desired effect (cooling or heating) to the required input (electricity). In this case, the COP is given as 3, which means that for every 1 kW of electricity consumed, the air conditioner produces 3 kW of cooling or heating effect. Therefore, the rate of cooling or heating provided by the air conditioner is 3 kW.

The COP of a heat pump or refrigerator is calculated in the same way as for an air conditioner. It represents the ratio of the desired heat transfer (heating) to the required input (electricity). In this case, the COP is still 3, indicating that for every 1 kW of electricity consumed, the heat pump or refrigerator provides 3 kW of heating effect. The change in terminology does not affect the fundamental principle of the device's efficiency, and therefore the result remains the same.

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