Which of these happened second?

A. A judge approved surveillance rules that authorized the NYPD's head of intelligence to act independently to authorize surveillance.

B. The NYPD agreed to a set of rules that barred police from launching surveillance based purely on the religious or political leanings of a group.

C. Barbara Handschu and several other antiwar protesters sued the NYPD for threatening their First Amendment rights.

D. Terrorist groups carried out attacks on three locations in the U.S., including the World Trade Center in New York City.

The approval of surveillance rules by a judge for the NYPD likely occurred after both the lawsuit by Barbara Handschu and the terrorist attacks in the U.S., based on the context of increased governmental powers post-9/11.

Explanation:

The sequence of events that the question refers to includes acts of governmental surveillance, legal challenges, and policy changes related to civil liberties in the United States. The specific events mentioned are not dated in the question, but based on historical context, it is possible to infer that the approval of surveillance rules by a judge for the NYPD's head of intelligence to act independently likely came after both the challenges by protesters like Barbara Handschu and the terrorist attacks mentioned.

After the terrorist attacks, such as those on September 11, 2001, the U.S. government took measures to tighten security and surveillance through laws like the Patriot Act. Consequently, a judge's approval to authorize independent surveillance by the NYPD's head of intelligence likely occurred in the context of increased security concerns. In contrast, the agreement by the NYPD to the rules barring surveillance based on religious or political leanings and the lawsuit by Barbara Handschu and other protesters predate these broader security measures.