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Josiah invests [tex] \$360 [/tex] into an account that accrues [tex] 3\% [/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex] y [/tex], after [tex] x [/tex] years?

A. [tex] y = 360(1.3)^x [/tex]
B. [tex] y = 360(0.3)^x [/tex]
C. [tex] y = 360(0.03)^x [/tex]
D. [tex] y = 360(1.03)^x [/tex]

Answer :

To solve this problem, we need to understand how compound interest works. Josiah is investing \[tex]$360 into an account with an annual interest rate of 3%. The goal is to find the equation that represents the amount of money in the account after \( x \) years.

Here is how you can determine the correct equation step-by-step:

1. Understand Compound Interest Formula:
Compound interest is calculated using the formula:
\[
A = P(1 + r)^x
\]
where:
- \( A \) is the amount of money accumulated after \( x \) years, including interest.
- \( P \) is the principal amount (the initial investment).
- \( r \) is the annual interest rate (expressed as a decimal).
- \( x \) is the number of years the money is invested.

2. Identify Values:
In this scenario:
- The principal amount \( P \) is \$[/tex]360.
- The annual interest rate [tex]\( r \)[/tex] is 3%, which we convert to a decimal by dividing by 100, giving us [tex]\( r = 0.03 \)[/tex].

3. Substitute Values into the Formula:
Plugging these values into the compound interest formula gives us:
[tex]\[
y = 360(1 + 0.03)^x
\][/tex]

4. Simplify the Expression:
Simplify the term within the parentheses:
[tex]\[
1 + 0.03 = 1.03
\][/tex]
So the equation becomes:
[tex]\[
y = 360(1.03)^x
\][/tex]

This equation, [tex]\( y = 360(1.03)^x \)[/tex], correctly represents the amount of money Josiah will have in his account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years when no additional deposits or withdrawals are made. This answer matches one of the given options: [tex]\( y = 360(1.03)^x \)[/tex].

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Rewritten by : Barada