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Answer :
Day and night are caused by the (D) rotation of the Earth on its axis. From Deceber to February, Earth's axis is pointing away from the sun.The season in the Northern Hemisphere is (D) winter. The season in the Southern Hemisphere when the North Pole is tilted away from the sun is (B) summer. The (B) spring equinox is experienced by the Northern Hemisphere on March 21 every year.
The Earth rotates once approximately every 24 hours, which results in the cycle of daylight and darkness. As the Earth spins, different parts of its surface move into and out of the sunlight, creating the experience of day and night for those regions. This rotation is counterclockwise when viewed from above the North Pole, causing the sun to appear to rise in the east and set in the west. This consistent rotational movement ensures the regular alternation of day and night across the planet.
During the period from December to February, the Northern Hemisphere experiences winter. This is because the Earth's axial tilt causes this hemisphere to be oriented away from the sun, resulting in shorter days and longer nights, along with generally colder temperatures. This axial tilt of approximately 23.5 degrees means that sunlight strikes the Northern Hemisphere at a more oblique angle, spreading the energy over a larger area and providing less warmth. Consequently, this period is marked by winter conditions, including lower temperatures and, in many regions, snow and ice.
When the North Pole is tilted away from the sun, the Southern Hemisphere experiences summer. This occurs because the axial tilt of the Earth causes the Southern Hemisphere to be more directly exposed to the sun's rays during this period. As a result, this region receives more intense and direct sunlight, leading to longer days and higher temperatures characteristic of summer. This period contrasts with the winter conditions in the Northern Hemisphere, highlighting the inverse seasonal relationship between the two hemispheres due to the Earth's axial tilt.
On March 21 each year, the Northern Hemisphere experiences the spring equinox. This event marks the point in the year when day and night are approximately equal in length due to the Earth's equatorial plane passing through the center of the sun. During the spring equinox, the tilt of the Earth's axis is such that neither hemisphere is tilted towards or away from the sun, resulting in nearly equal daylight and darkness. This event signifies the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere, leading to gradually longer days and shorter nights as the season progresses.
The correct question is:
A. Multiple Choice. Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.
What causes day and night?
A. revolution of Earth around the sun
B. revolution of the moon
C. tilting of Earth's axis
D. rotation of Earth on its axis
From Deceber to February, Earth's axis is pointing away from the sun. What is the season in the Northern Hemisphere?
A. autumn
B. summer
C. spring
D. winter
What is the season in the Southern Hemisphere when the North Pole is tilted away from the sun?
A. autumn
B. summer
C. spring
D. winter
What happens on March 21 every year in the Northern Hemisphere?
A. the autumnal equinox
B. the spring equinox
C. the summer solstice
D. the winter solstice
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