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A 24-year-old male is admitted with a head injury. Approximately one hour ago, he was hit on the lateral aspect of his head by a high-velocity cricket ball. A collateral history reveals that he lost consciousness immediately after the impact. Paramedics on the scene noted his Glasgow Coma Score of 15. On examination, he has a Glasgow Coma Score of 13 (M5, V4, E4) upon arrival in the department. He has anterograde and retrograde amnesia to events. You arrange an urgent CT scan.

Which clinical sign would be most concerning in this patient?

Answer :

Final answer:

The most concerning clinical sign for this patient with a head injury would be any new neurological symptoms indicating increased brain pressure due to a potential hematoma. Existing signs of amnesia and a dipping Glasgow Coma Score already suggest a brain impact. The appearance of additional symptoms like severe headaches, pupil dysfunction or increased confusion may suggest a serious condition like hematoma.

Explanation:

In this scenario, the most concerning clinical sign for this 24-year-old male with a head injury would be the development of neurological symptoms that are indicative of increasing brain pressure due to a possible hematoma. Hematoma formation can occur after a strong blow to the skull, in this case due to a cricket ball's high velocity impact on the lateral aspect of the head. If left untreated, this could cause significant pressure on the brain that could be life-threatening.

The patient has already presented with anterograde and retrograde amnesia indicating that the injury has likely affected parts of his brain involved in the consolidation of memories.

The Glasgow Coma Score of 13 (which has fallen from the initial 15 noted by paramedics) also indicates a possible deterioration in his neurological functioning since the incident occurred. Any further dip in the Glasgow Coma Score, or the development of symptoms such as severe headache, nausea, vomiting, dilation or non-reactiveness of one or both pupils, seizures, or an increase in confusion, agitation, or drowsiness would be warning signs of something more serious like hematoma and should be treated promptly.

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