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Which of the following disorders is most specific to people who are obsessed with improving their physique?

A. Anorexia nervosa
B. Bulimia nervosa
C. Exercise addiction
D. Muscle dysmorphia

Answer :

Final answer:

Muscle dysmorphia is the disorder most specific to people obsessed with improving their physique, characterized by a distorted view of being too small or underdeveloped. Unlike anorexia or bulimia, it focuses on the desire to gain muscle. This condition often leads to excessive exercise and unhealthy body image issues.


Explanation:

Muscle Dysmorphia: A Specific Disorder

The most specific disorder related to an obsession with improving physique is muscle dysmorphia. This condition is often referred to as "reverse anorexia" and is characterized by a distorted body image where individuals believe they are too small or underdeveloped, despite being of normal or above-average size.

Unlike anorexia nervosa, where individuals are focused on weight loss and may avoid food to the point of becoming dangerously underweight, or bulimia nervosa, which involves cycles of binge eating followed by purging, muscle dysmorphia is uniquely about the desire to gain muscle and improve body composition.

People with muscle dysmorphia often engage in extreme weight lifting or bodybuilding behaviors, sometimes to the detriment of their health. Exercise addiction can also be associated with muscle dysmorphia, given the intense focus on training, but muscle dysmorphia has a more specific emphasis on body image perceptions related to muscularity.


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