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A roller coaster with a potential energy of [tex]$235,200 J$[/tex] sits at the top of a 30 m high hill. What is the mass of the roller coaster?

(Formula: [tex]PE = mgh[/tex])

A. 800 kg
B. 7,840 kg
C. [tex]8,000 \, \text{kg}[/tex]
D. [tex]78,400 \, \text{kg}[/tex]

Answer :

To find the mass of the roller coaster, we can use the formula for potential energy, which is:

[tex]\[ \text{Potential Energy (PE)} = \text{mass (m)} \times \text{gravity (g)} \times \text{height (h)} \][/tex]

We know the following values:
- Potential Energy (PE) = 235,200 Joules
- Height (h) = 30 meters
- Gravity (g) = 9.81 m/s² (which is the standard acceleration due to gravity on Earth)

We need to rearrange the formula to solve for mass (m):

[tex]\[ m = \frac{\text{PE}}{g \times h} \][/tex]

Now, we can substitute the known values into the equation:

[tex]\[ m = \frac{235,200 \, \text{J}}{9.81 \, \text{m/s}^2 \times 30 \, \text{m}} \][/tex]

After performing the calculation, we get:

[tex]\[ m \approx 799.18 \][/tex]

So, the mass of the roller coaster is approximately 799.18 kg. Rounding this to the nearest whole number gives us 800 kg. Therefore, the closest answer choice is 800 kg.

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