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Answer :
Final answer:
The recommended energy dose for biphasic synchronized cardioversion of atrial fibrillation is 200-360 J. The energy delivers a rapid shock that, despite high power output, doesn't cause serious burns due to good skin conductivity at high voltages, use of conductive gels, and quick dissipation.
Explanation:
The recommended energy dose for biphasic synchronized cardioversion of atrial fibrillation is c. 200-360 J. Synchronized cardioversion is a medical procedure that is used to restore a regular heart rhythm when a patient is experiencing an abnormal rhythm, such as atrial fibrillation.
During this procedure, an electrical shock is delivered to the heart, which is synchronized with the patient's cardiac cycle to avoid inducing ventricular fibrillation. The amount of energy required can vary based on specific circumstances and the type of defibrillation device or defibrillator being used.
In physics-related terms, a defibrillator's average power output can be calculated when given the energy dissipated and the time frame. For instance, a defibrillator that dissipates 400 J of energy in 10.0 ms would have an average power output of 40,000 W (or 4 x 104 W). High-power output is necessary to ensure the shock is effective in resetting the heart's rhythm.
One might wonder why such a high-power output does not cause serious burns. This is because the skin conducts electricity well at the high voltages used in defibrillators, the gels applied aid in energy transfer without significant absorption by the skin, and the rapid nature of the shock does not allow for heat to build up to a harmful level. Additionally, current is more likely to cause burns when it is more concentrated, and defibrillators are designed to avoid this by spreading the current over a larger area.
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