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Josiah invests \$360 into an account that accrues [tex]3 \%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex]?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]
B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]
C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]
D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

To determine the correct equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, we need to understand how compound interest works. Here's a step-by-step explanation:

1. Initial Investment: Josiah starts by investing $360.

2. Interest Rate: The account accrues interest at a rate of [tex]\(3\%\)[/tex] annually.

3. Compound Interest Formula: The general formula for compound interest is:
[tex]\[
y = P(1 + r)^x
\][/tex]
- [tex]\(y\)[/tex] is the amount of money in the account after [tex]\(x\)[/tex] years.
- [tex]\(P\)[/tex] is the principal amount (the initial investment).
- [tex]\(r\)[/tex] is the annual interest rate in decimal form (so [tex]\(3\%\)[/tex] becomes [tex]\(0.03\)[/tex]).
- [tex]\(x\)[/tex] is the number of years the money is invested or compounded.

4. Substituting the Given Values:
- [tex]\(P = 360\)[/tex]
- [tex]\(r = 0.03\)[/tex]
- The expression inside the parentheses becomes [tex]\(1 + 0.03 = 1.03\)[/tex].

5. Final Equation: When you plug these values into the compound interest formula, you get:
[tex]\[
y = 360(1.03)^x
\][/tex]

Therefore, the correct equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah’s account, after interest is compounded annually, is:
[tex]\[
y = 360(1.03)^x
\][/tex]

This matches with the option: [tex]\(y=360(1.03)^x\)[/tex].

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