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Compared to their presence in the population:

A. Women are underrepresented in state legislatures.
B. Hispanics/Latinos are underrepresented in state legislatures.
C. Both women and Hispanics/Latinos are underrepresented in state legislatures.
D. Neither of these.

Answer :

Final answer:

Women and Hispanics/Latinos are underrepresented in state legislatures relative to their population percentages. Women hold about 25% of state legislative seats, while Latino representation is higher in some states. Despite increasing diversity, there is still a need for improvement to align with population demographics.

Explanation:

Compared to their presence in the population, women and Hispanics/Latinos are both underrepresented in state legislatures. Studies have indicated that as of 2009, while African Americans composed 13.4% of the U.S. population, they only made up 9.3% of state legislators. Similarly, Latino representatives accounted for 4.4% of state legislators, despite representing 18.5% of the population. The representation of Latinos in the legislature is notably higher in states like Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas.

Furthermore, political science research has found that having female and minority representatives leads to a higher propensity for advocating policies beneficial to women, children, and minorities. It also suggests an increase in voter turnout among these groups. Despite progress over time, as of the 21st century, women held about 25% of state legislative seats, pointing to a gender gap in political representation.

While diversity in the legislature is recognized as a sign of a healthy representative body, the current figures indicate that more effort is needed to improve the representation of these groups in political offices to better reflect the demographic makeup of the population.

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