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Answer :
Final answer:
The estimated probability of obtaining an odd number when tossing a fair 10-sided die is approximately 0.5 or 50%. The theoretical probability based on mathematical analysis and probability theory is also 0.5 or 50%. The simulation results agree with the theoretical result. When using an unfair 10-sided die where odd numbers are twice as likely as even numbers, the probability of obtaining an odd number is 2/3, and the probability of obtaining an even number is 1/3.
Explanation:
a) Estimated probability of obtaining an odd number:
To simulate the tossing of a 10-sided fair die, we can write a program that generates random numbers between 1 and 10. By repeating this process for different numbers of tosses, we can estimate the probability of obtaining an odd number.
For t = 50, 100, 1000, 2000, 3000, 10000, and 100000 tosses, we can calculate the number of odd numbers obtained and divide it by the total number of tosses to get the estimated probability.
b) Probability that X has an odd value:
Based on mathematical analysis and probability theory, when tossing a fair die, the probability of obtaining an odd number is calculated by dividing the number of odd numbers (5) by the total number of possible outcomes (10), resulting in a probability of 0.5 or 50%.
c) Comparison of simulation and theoretical result:
We can compare the estimated probability obtained from the simulation in part (a) with the theoretical result in part (b). If the simulation is accurate, the estimated probability should be close to 0.5 or 50%.
d) Repeat with an unfair die:
For an unfair 10-sided die where odd numbers are twice as likely as even numbers, we need to adjust the probabilities. The probability of obtaining an odd number would be 2/3, and the probability of obtaining an even number would be 1/3. We can repeat parts (a), (b), and (c) using these adjusted probabilities.
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Final answer:
The estimated probability of obtaining an odd number when tossing a fair 10-sided die is approximately 0.5 or 50%. The theoretical probability based on mathematical analysis and probability theory is also 0.5 or 50%. The simulation results agree with the theoretical result. When using an unfair 10-sided die where odd numbers are twice as likely as even numbers, the probability of obtaining an odd number is 2/3, and the probability of obtaining an even number is 1/3.
Explanation:
a) Estimated probability of obtaining an odd number:
To simulate the tossing of a 10-sided fair die, we can write a program that generates random numbers between 1 and 10. By repeating this process for different numbers of tosses, we can estimate the probability of obtaining an odd number.
For t = 50, 100, 1000, 2000, 3000, 10000, and 100000 tosses, we can calculate the number of odd numbers obtained and divide it by the total number of tosses to get the estimated probability.
b) Probability that X has an odd value:
Based on mathematical analysis and probability theory, when tossing a fair die, the probability of obtaining an odd number is calculated by dividing the number of odd numbers (5) by the total number of possible outcomes (10), resulting in a probability of 0.5 or 50%.
c) Comparison of simulation and theoretical result:
We can compare the estimated probability obtained from the simulation in part (a) with the theoretical result in part (b). If the simulation is accurate, the estimated probability should be close to 0.5 or 50%.
d) Repeat with an unfair die:
For an unfair 10-sided die where odd numbers are twice as likely as even numbers, we need to adjust the probabilities. The probability of obtaining an odd number would be 2/3, and the probability of obtaining an even number would be 1/3. We can repeat parts (a), (b), and (c) using these adjusted probabilities.
Learn more about tossing a fair and unfair die here:
https://brainly.com/question/4216474
#SPJ14