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Answer :
Final answer:
Osmosis is the process by which water moves across a semi-permeable membrane along its concentration gradient. This process is essential for cellular function and homeostasis. Other options like facilitated diffusion and active transport refer to different types of transport mechanisms.
Explanation:
Movement of Water Across Membranes
The movement of water across membranes follows its concentration gradient, a process that is primarily identified as osmosis.
Osmosis specifically refers to the diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. This process is vital for maintaining cell turgor and overall homeostasis in living organisms.
In contrast, other terms mentioned in the question relate to different mechanisms of transportation:
- Facilitated diffusion: This is a type of passive transport where substances move across membranes with the help of transport proteins, but it does not specifically refer to water.
- Pinocytosis: This is a form of active transport where cells engulf small particles or liquids into vesicles. It is not specific to water movement.
- Active transport: This involves movement against a concentration gradient, requiring energy, which is not applicable to the passive movement of water.
Therefore, the correct answer that describes the movement of water following its concentration gradient is osmosis.
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