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Simplify each expression. Assume all variables are nonzero.

45. [tex]\frac{27 x^3 y}{18 x^2 y^4}[/tex]

46. [tex]\left(\frac{3 a^3 b}{2 a^{-1} b^2}\right)^2[/tex]

47. [tex]12 a^0 b^5\left(-2 a^3 b^2\right)[/tex]

48. [tex]\frac{72 a^2 b^3}{-24 a^2 b^5}[/tex]

49. [tex]\left(\frac{5 m n}{-3 m^2}\right)^{-2}[/tex]

50. [tex]6 x^5 y^3\left(-3 x^2 y^{-1}\right)[/tex]

Answer :

Sure! Let's simplify each expression step by step:

45. [tex]\(\frac{27 x^3 y}{18 x^2 y^4}\)[/tex]

1. Simplify the coefficients: [tex]\(\frac{27}{18} = \frac{3}{2}\)[/tex].
2. Simplify [tex]\(x\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(x^3 / x^2 = x^{3-2} = x^1\)[/tex].
3. Simplify [tex]\(y\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(y / y^4 = y^{1-4} = y^{-3}\)[/tex].

So, the simplified expression is: [tex]\(\frac{3}{2} x y^{-3}\)[/tex].

46. [tex]\(\left(\frac{3 a^3 b}{2 a^{-1} b^2}\right)^2\)[/tex]

1. Simplify the inside:
- Simplify [tex]\(a\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(a^3 / a^{-1} = a^{3 - (-1)} = a^4\)[/tex].
- Simplify [tex]\(b\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(b / b^2 = b^{1-2} = b^{-1}\)[/tex].

2. Simplifying the expression: [tex]\(\left(\frac{3 a^4 b^{-1}}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{(3^2 a^8 b^{-2})}{(2^2)} = \frac{9 a^8}{4 b^2}\)[/tex].

So, the simplified expression is: [tex]\(\frac{9 a^8}{4 b^2}\)[/tex].

47. [tex]\(12 a^0 b^5(-2 a^3 b^2)\)[/tex]

1. [tex]\(a^0\)[/tex] is 1 since anything raised to the zero power is 1.
2. Multiply the coefficients: [tex]\(12 \times (-2) = -24\)[/tex].
3. Multiply [tex]\(a\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(a^0 \times a^3 = a^3\)[/tex].
4. Multiply [tex]\(b\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(b^5 \times b^2 = b^{5+2} = b^7\)[/tex].

So, the simplified expression is: [tex]\(-24 a^3 b^7\)[/tex].

48. [tex]\(\frac{72 a^2 b^3}{-24 a^2 b^5}\)[/tex]

1. Simplify the coefficients: [tex]\(\frac{72}{-24} = -3\)[/tex].
2. Simplify [tex]\(a\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(a^2 / a^2 = a^{2-2} = a^0\)[/tex], and since [tex]\(a^0 = 1\)[/tex], it simplifies out.
3. Simplify [tex]\(b\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(b^3 / b^5 = b^{3-5} = b^{-2}\)[/tex].

So, the simplified expression is: [tex]\(-3 b^{-2}\)[/tex] or [tex]\(-\frac{3}{b^2}\)[/tex]

49. [tex]\(\left(\frac{5 m n}{-3 m^2}\right)^{-2}\)[/tex]

1. Simplify inside the parentheses: [tex]\(\frac{5}{-3} = -\frac{5}{3}\)[/tex].
2. Simplify [tex]\(m\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(m / m^2 = m^{1-2} = m^{-1}\)[/tex].
3. Existing [tex]\(n\)[/tex] remains as [tex]\(n^1\)[/tex].

Now simplify: [tex]\(\left(-\frac{5 n m^{-1}}{3}\right)^{-2} = \left(-\frac{5 n}{3 m}\right)^{-2}\)[/tex].

4. Apply exponent rule: [tex]\(\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{-n} = \left(\frac{b}{a}\right)^n\)[/tex].

So, it becomes [tex]\(\left(\frac{3 m}{5 n}\right)^2 = \frac{(3 m)^2}{(5 n)^2} = \frac{9 m^2}{25 n^2}\)[/tex].

50. [tex]\(6 x^5 y^3(-3 x^2 y^{-1})\)[/tex]

1. Multiply the coefficients: [tex]\(6 \times (-3) = -18\)[/tex].
2. Multiply [tex]\(x\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(x^5 \times x^2 = x^{5+2} = x^7\)[/tex].
3. Multiply [tex]\(y\)[/tex] terms: [tex]\(y^3 \times y^{-1} = y^{3-1} = y^2\)[/tex].

So, the simplified expression is: [tex]\(-18 x^7 y^2\)[/tex].

I hope these steps are clear and help you understand how to simplify each expression!

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