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A chemistry student must write down in her lab notebook the concentration of a solution of potassium chloride. The concentration of a solution equals the mass of what's dissolved divided by the total volume of the solution.

Here's how the student prepared the solution:
- The label on the graduated cylinder says:
- Empty weight: 3.05 g
- She put some solid potassium chloride into the graduated cylinder and weighed it. With the potassium chloride added, the cylinder weighed 97.9 g.
- She added water to the graduated cylinder and dissolved the potassium chloride completely. Then she read the total volume of the solution from the markings on the graduated cylinder. The total volume of the solution was 17.41 mL.

What concentration should the student write down in her lab notebook? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.

[tex]\[ \square \, \text{g/mL} \][/tex]

Answer :

To determine the concentration of the potassium chloride solution, we need to follow a few steps:

1. Calculate the Mass of Potassium Chloride:
- First, find out how much potassium chloride (KCl) the student used by subtracting the weight of the empty graduated cylinder from the weight of the cylinder with the KCl inside.
- Weight of the empty cylinder: 3.05 g
- Weight of the cylinder with KCl: 97.9 g
- Mass of KCl = 97.9 g - 3.05 g = 94.85 g

2. Read the Total Volume of the Solution:
- The total volume of the solution after dissolving KCl in water is given as 17.41 mL.

3. Calculate the Concentration:
- Concentration is calculated as the mass of the solute divided by the total volume of the solution.
- Concentration = Mass of KCl / Total Volume = 94.85 g / 17.41 mL

4. Determine the Correct Number of Significant Digits:
- Based on the values given (94.85 g with four significant digits and 17.41 mL with four significant digits), our concentration should also be expressed with four significant digits.

5. Calculate the Result:
- Concentration ≈ 5.448 g/mL (rounded to four significant digits)

So, the concentration the student should write down in her lab notebook is 5.448 g/mL.

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