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**Mathematics and Literacy: Conversion and Baking**

Mr. Jackson from Messina sells peanut butter cookies to learners outside the school yard in the morning as well as during after-school hours. Table I below shows the ingredients and conversions for baking peanut butter cookies. The recipe will make 4 dozen cookies.

[tex]
\[
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}
\hline
\multicolumn{2}{|l|}{\textbf{Table I: Ingredients and Conversion Table}} \\
\hline
\begin{tabular}{l}
1 cup butter \\
140 g white granulated sugar \\
210 g packed brown sugar \\
160 g peanut butter \\
1.16 kg all-purpose flour \\
1 tsp baking soda \\
1/2 tsp baking powder \\
1 1/4 tsp salt \\
\end{tabular}
&
\begin{tabular}{l}
1 ounce = 28.35 grams \\
1 tsp = 5 ml \\
\end{tabular} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\]
[/tex]

**Use the information above to answer the questions that follow:**

1. Calculate how many dozens of cookies the ingredients will make.

2. Convert 160 g of peanut butter to ounces.

3. Express, in simplest form, the ratio of brown sugar to all-purpose flour.

4. The cookies were placed in the oven at 21:45 and taken out at 22:11. Determine the time the cookies were cooked in the oven.

5. Express the oven temperature of [tex]$160^{\circ} C$[/tex] in degrees Fahrenheit using the formula [tex]$^{\circ}F = \left(^{\circ}C \times 1.8\right) + 32$[/tex].

**[33 Marks]**

Answer :

We begin by noting that the recipe produces cookies in four dozen servings. Then we address each part step-by-step.

---------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Yield of Cookies

The recipe makes 4 dozen cookies.

---------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Converting 160 g of Peanut Butter to Ounces

We are given that

[tex]$$
1\,\text{ounce} = 28.35\,\text{grams}.
$$[/tex]

Thus, to convert 160 g to ounces we compute

[tex]$$
\text{Ounces} = \frac{160}{28.35} \approx 5.64374\,\text{ounces}.
$$[/tex]

---------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Ratio of Brown Sugar to All-Purpose Flour

According to the information, the amount of brown sugar is taken as 210 g and the all-purpose flour is 1.16 kg, which is

[tex]$$
1.16\,\text{kg} = 1160\,\text{grams}.
$$[/tex]

Thus, the ratio (brown sugar : flour) is

[tex]$$
\frac{210}{1160}.
$$[/tex]

This fraction simplifies by dividing the numerator and denominator by 10:

[tex]$$
\frac{210/10}{1160/10} = \frac{21}{116}.
$$[/tex]

In decimal form, this ratio is approximately

[tex]$$
\frac{210}{1160} \approx 0.18103.
$$[/tex]

---------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Cooking Duration in the Oven

The cookies are placed in the oven at 21:45 and taken out at 22:11. First, convert these times to minutes after midnight.

For 21:45:

[tex]$$
21 \times 60 + 45 = 1260 + 45 = 1305\,\text{minutes}.
$$[/tex]

For 22:11:

[tex]$$
22 \times 60 + 11 = 1320 + 11 = 1331\,\text{minutes}.
$$[/tex]

The cooking duration is

[tex]$$
1331 - 1305 = 26\,\text{minutes}.
$$[/tex]

---------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Converting [tex]$160^\circ C$[/tex] to Fahrenheit

The conversion formula is given by

[tex]$$
^\circ F = 1.8 \times (^\circ C) + 32.
$$[/tex]

Substitute [tex]$160^\circ C$[/tex] into the formula:

[tex]$$
^\circ F = 1.8 \times 160 + 32 = 288 + 32 = 320^\circ F.
$$[/tex]

---------------------------------------------------------------------
Final Answers

- The recipe makes 4 dozen cookies.
- [tex]$160\,g$[/tex] of peanut butter is approximately [tex]$5.64374\,\text{ounces}$[/tex].
- The ratio of brown sugar to all-purpose flour is [tex]$\frac{21}{116}$[/tex], which is approximately [tex]$0.18103$[/tex].
- The cookies were in the oven for [tex]$26$[/tex] minutes.
- A temperature of [tex]$160^\circ C$[/tex] is equivalent to [tex]$320^\circ F$[/tex].

Thanks for taking the time to read Mathematics and Literacy Conversion and Baking Mr Jackson from Messina sells peanut butter cookies to learners outside the school yard in the morning as well. We hope the insights shared have been valuable and enhanced your understanding of the topic. Don�t hesitate to browse our website for more informative and engaging content!

Rewritten by : Barada