Answer :

Final answer:

The cell membrane or plasma membrane is a selectively permeable structure that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, essential for maintaining cellular function. It allows some molecules to pass freely while restricting others, depending on their size and polarity. This selective permeability is fundamental to various cellular processes, including nutrient transport and cellular interactions.


Explanation:

Function of the Cell Membrane

The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality of the cell. Its most fundamental function is to define the borders of the cell and control what substances can enter and exit, a property known as selective permeability. This means that the membrane permits certain molecules to pass freely (like oxygen and carbon dioxide) while restricting others, which may need assistance from proteins or energy to cross.

The cell membrane achieves this through its unique structure, which includes a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins. Small or nonpolar molecules can often cross the membrane easily, whereas ions and polar molecules may require specific transport mechanisms, indicating that the cell membrane is semi-permeable rather than entirely permeable.

In summary, the plasma membrane serves as a barrier that regulates the internal environment of the cell by controlling the movement of molecules in and out, with implications for various cellular processes such as osmosis, nutrient transport, and cell signaling.


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