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What does the results table indicate about the solute in this solution?

[tex]
\[
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
\hline
\text{Temp } (^{\circ} C) & \text{Concentration } \left(\frac{\text{g solute}}{\text{mL solvent}}\right) \\
\hline
18.5 & 1.43 \\
\hline
37.9 & 0.81 \\
\hline
59.3 & 0.30 \\
\hline
80.1 & 0.21 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\]
[/tex]

A. The solute is a gas because the amount dissolved decreases as temperature increases.

B. The solute is a solid because the amount dissolved increases as temperature increases.

C. The solute is a gas because the amount dissolved increases as temperature increases.

D. The solute is a solid because the amount dissolved decreases as temperature increases.

Answer :

We are given a table showing the concentration of the solute (in grams per mL of solvent) at various temperatures:

[tex]$$
\begin{array}{|c|c|}
\hline
T\ (\text{°C}) & \text{Concentration}\ \left(\frac{\text{g solute}}{\text{mL solvent}}\right) \\ \hline
18.5 & 1.43 \\ \hline
37.9 & 0.81 \\ \hline
59.3 & 0.30 \\ \hline
80.1 & 0.21 \\ \hline
\end{array}
$$[/tex]

Step 1: Observe the Trend
As the temperature increases from [tex]$18.5^\circ\text{C}$[/tex] to [tex]$80.1^\circ\text{C}$[/tex], the concentration decreases from [tex]$1.43$[/tex] to [tex]$0.21$[/tex]. This tells us that the solute is less soluble at higher temperatures.

Step 2: Relate the Trend to Solute Properties
Typically, the solubility of gases in liquids decreases with increasing temperature, while the solubility of solids in liquids generally increases with temperature.

Step 3: Conclusion
Since the data clearly show that the amount of solute dissolved decreases as the temperature rises, this behavior is characteristic of a gas.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

[tex]$$\text{The solute is a GAS because the amount dissolved decreases as temperature increases.}$$[/tex]

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