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Final answer:
To diagnose renal failure, tests like routine urinalysis, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen measurements are used alongside imaging techniques like abdominal ultrasound. Other diagnostic tools may include MAG3 and DMSA scans, and sometimes a kidney biopsy.
Explanation:
Tests to Diagnose Renal Failure
Renal failure diagnosis involves a combination of urine and blood tests to assess kidney function. A routine urinalysis is often the first step and includes a physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of the urine. If kidney impairment is indicated, further tests may be necessary, such as serum creatinine levels and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measurements. Creatinine and BUN levels that are higher than normal can indicate reduced kidney function. In addition, an abdominal ultrasound might be performed to check for obstructions and to evaluate the size of the kidneys, which can help distinguish between acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Other investigations might include a MAG3 scan to assess renal blood flow, a DMSA scan for renal imaging, and possibly a kidney biopsy to provide a definitive diagnosis and prognosis. Differentiating CKD from ARF is important as ARF might be reversible, and in cases of ARF, it's essential to identify the cause to provide the appropriate treatment.
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Tests such as c. Blood test and d. Urinalysis are used to diagnose renal failure.
To determine if Mr. Fallbrook is suffering from renal failure; the following tests could be helpful:
Blood Test: Blood tests can measure levels of waste products in the blood such as creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Elevated levels of these substances can indicate impaired kidney function.
Urinalysis: This test examines a urine sample to assess kidney function. It includes checking the urine for color, odor, appearance, concentration, pH (acidity/alkalinity), and the presence of substances like proteins, glucose, red blood cells, white blood cells, bacteria, crystals, and casts.
Complete Question:
What tests could help to determine if Mr. Fallbrook is suffering renal failure. (Select all that apply)
a. Biopsy
b. Endoscopy
c. Blood test
d. Urinalysis◻
