Answer :

Final answer:

The principle action of volume expanders during resuscitation is to increase the lung volume, which aids in blood flow restoration and improves oxygenation during medical emergencies.

Explanation:

The principal action of volume expanders during resuscitation is to increase the lung volume. Volume expanders are intravenous solutions used to increase the volume of plasma in the blood circulation, which can be essential during resuscitation to restore the circulatory system and improve blood flow. The question addresses the mechanics of ventilating an unconscious person, in which case the correct answer is to increase the lung volume to provide necessary oxygenation and improve the patient's chances of recovery. This aligns with the provided option c, which also serves to facilitate gas and nutrient exchange and promote the diffusion of fluid into the interstitial space.

A practical example of applying force to expand the lungs comes from the calculation of exerting a gauge pressure of 4.00 cm water on a balloon. If the balloon is connected to the unconscious person's airway, the force required to achieve this pressure over an effective area of 50.0 cm² helps to push air into the lungs. This illustrates the mechanism by which volume expanders operate on a larger physiological scale.

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Rewritten by : Barada