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Josiah invests [tex]\$360[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]3\%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex], after [tex]x[/tex] years?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]
B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]
C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]
D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

To find the equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years, we use the formula for compound interest. Here's a step-by-step breakdown:

1. Understand the formula: The formula for compound interest is:

[tex]\[
y = P(1 + r)^x
\][/tex]

- [tex]\( y \)[/tex] is the amount of money after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years.
- [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is the initial principal (the starting amount), which is $360 in this case.
- [tex]\( r \)[/tex] is the annual interest rate as a decimal.
- [tex]\( x \)[/tex] is the number of years the money is invested.

2. Identify the given values:
- Initial investment, [tex]\( P = 360 \)[/tex].
- Annual interest rate, [tex]\( r = 3\% = 0.03 \)[/tex].

3. Substitute the values into the formula:

Plugging the values into the formula, we have:

[tex]\[
y = 360(1 + 0.03)^x
\][/tex]

4. Simplify the equation:

Simplify the expression inside the parentheses:

[tex]\[
y = 360(1.03)^x
\][/tex]

This equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]\( y \)[/tex], after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years. Therefore, the correct equation from the given options is:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

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