Answer :

Hackers often exploit the ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) to carry out malicious activities.

The ICMP protocol, designed for diagnostic and error-reporting purposes in IP networks, is often misused by hackers to launch various attacks. One common abuse is ICMP flood attacks, where a large volume of ICMP packets is sent to overwhelm a target system or network. This can result in network congestion, denial of service, or even system crashes. Another method employed by hackers is ICMP tunneling, which involves encapsulating malicious data within ICMP packets to bypass firewalls or intrusion detection systems. Additionally, ICMP can be exploited for reconnaissance purposes, allowing attackers to gather information about network topology, device availability, and potential vulnerabilities. To mitigate these risks, network administrators and security professionals implement measures such as filtering ICMP traffic, enabling rate limiting, and regularly updating security protocols to defend against ICMP-based attacks.

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