Answer :

Final answer:

The peripheral isolate model of speciation refers to the process where a small group of organisms become geographically separated from the main population and over time, evolve into a new species due to different environmental pressures, change in gene frequency, genetic drift, and natural selection.

Explanation:

The peripheral isolate model of speciation, also sometimes referred to as peripatric or allopatric speciation, is a concept in Biology that explains how new species can develop as a result of geographic separation. It occurs when a small group of individuals be it plants, animals or other organism types, become geographically separated from the rest of the population and overtime, these isolated individuals might evolve unique traits in response to the conditions of their new environment, which eventually leads to the formation of a new species.

For example, this type of speciation can occur when a river forms a new branch, isolating a segment of the population on an island, or when a group of organisms travel to a new location without the ability to return.

Once the populations become isolated, factors such as different environmental pressures, genetic drift, change in gene frequency, and natural selection, contribute to different evolutionary paths for the isolated group and the original population. This leads to the rise of a new species, a process known as speciation.

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