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Answer :
The process of establishing these populations of mice that voluntarily chose to run great distances on exercise wheels is termed 'selective breeding'.
What is Selective Breeding?
Selective breeding is a method used by scientists and breeders to develop particular traits in animals, by choosing which individuals get to mate based on their traits. The goal is to enhance desirable characteristics and reduce undesirable ones over successive generations.
How was it Applied in the Case of Ted Garland's Mice?
- Purpose: The goal was to create a population of mice that had a propensity for running long distances.
- Implementation: Researchers, led by Ted Garland, likely started with a group of mice and monitored their wheel-running activity.
- Selection: After identifying the mice that naturally chose to run longer distances, these mice were selectively bred. This means only those mice that exhibited high running behavior were allowed to mate and produce offspring.
- Generational Change: Over several generations, through continuous selection and breeding of the best runners, the group developed into mice populations that voluntarily ran great distances on exercise wheels.
Why Use Selective Breeding?
Selective breeding is used because it can rapidly amplify traits that are desired over relatively few generations, making it a valuable tool in both scientific research and agriculture.
The case of Ted Garland's mice provides insights into how genetic and environmental factors contribute to physical capabilities, helping researchers understand animal behavior, evolution, and even potential applications to human health and exercise motivation.
By understanding selective breeding, we grasp the intricate relationship between genetics and behavior, providing a foundation to study adaptations and the genetic basis of complex traits.
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