High School

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Josiah invests \$360 into an account that accrues 3% interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]$y$[/tex], after [tex]$x$[/tex] years?

A. [tex]$y=360(1.3)^x$[/tex]
B. [tex]$y=360(0.3)^x$[/tex]
C. [tex]$y=360(0.03)^x$[/tex]
D. [tex]$y=360(1.03)^x$[/tex]

Answer :

To solve the problem, we first recognize that Josiah's investment earns 3% interest per year. This means his money grows by 3% every year, which can be represented as adding 3% to the original amount. In equation terms, the annual growth factor is:

[tex]$$
1 + 0.03 = 1.03.
$$[/tex]

The general formula for compound interest when no additional deposits or withdrawals are made is:

[tex]$$
y = P(1 + r)^x,
$$[/tex]

where:
- [tex]$P$[/tex] is the initial principal (in this case, \[tex]$360),
- $[/tex]r[tex]$ is the annual interest rate (as a decimal, so $[/tex]0.03[tex]$ for 3%),
- $[/tex]x[tex]$ is the number of years.

Substituting the known values into the formula:

$[/tex][tex]$
y = 360(1.03)^x.
$[/tex][tex]$

Among the provided options, this corresponds to the equation:

$[/tex][tex]$
y = 360(1.03)^x.
$[/tex]$

Thus, the correct answer is the fourth equation.

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