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The chain of Hawaiian islands can be used to calculate the rate of movement of the Pacific plate over the last few million years. The island of Hawaii currently sits on the hot spot and is therefore 0 million years old. The island of Kauai used to sit on the hot spot; it is approximately 5.1 million years old and is now approximately 473 km away from the hot spot, to the northwest. Given these parameters, what is the average rate of motion of the Pacific plate in cm per year? (Remember to convert your units properly!)

A. 0.009 cm per year
B. 0.9 cm per year
C. 0.00009 cm per year
D. 9 cm per year

Answer :

Final answer:

The average rate of motion of the Pacific plate is 18.55 centimeters per year.

Explanation:

The rate of motion of the Pacific plate can be calculated by using the distance between the hot spot and the island of Kauai, as well as the age of the island. The Pacific plate has been moving at an average speed of 4 to 5 centimeters per year, similar to the rate at which hair grows. In this case, we can use 5 centimeters per year to calculate the average rate of motion.

Given that the island of Kauai is approximately 5.1 million years old and is now approximately 473 kilometers away from the hot spot, we can calculate the average rate of motion using the formula:

Rate of motion = Distance / Time

Converting the distance from kilometers to centimeters (1 kilometer = 100,000 centimeters), and converting the time from years to million years (1 million years = 10,000,000 years), we can plug in the values:

Rate of motion = 473 kilometers x 100,000 centimeters / (5.1 million years x 10,000,000 years) = 946,000,000 centimeters / 51,000,000 years = 18.55 centimeters per year.

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