The test aimed to understand if the ACTN3 protein affects running ability. Researchers conducted a study by recruiting a group of competitive runners and measuring the level of ACTN3 protein molecules each runner had in their bodies. The runners then participated in a sprint, running as fast as they could for 100 meters.

Evidence: Scientists found that the runners who sprinted the fastest had the highest amount of ACTN3 protein molecules in their bodies.

Do you think this evidence shows that the ACTN3 protein determines running ability? Explain your ideas using the words "protein," "trait," and "feature" in your response.

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topeadeniran2 topeadeniran2 · Answer 2 · 2025-04-10T19:00:15-04:00

It should be noted that the evidence shows that the ACTN3 protein determines running ability. This was illustrated as fast-twitch muscle fibers contain the alpha-actinin-3 protein, which is encoded by the ACTN3 gene.

How to explain the information?

The ACTN3 genotype of an individual does affect their athletic performance, even while possessing one or two variant versions of the ACTN3 gene does not have any negative effects.

The quickest sprinters, according to researchers, had the most ACTN3 protein molecules in their bodies. Fast-twitch muscle fibers contain the alpha-actinin-3 protein, which is encoded by the ACTN3 gene. These skeletal muscle groups are in charge of rapidly producing force. The ACTN3 gene contains a variant form known as R577X that has a single nucleotide mutation in the DNA.

A higher percentage of fast-twitch muscle fibers is produced by ACTN3 protein efficiency, enabling rapid muscular contractions for sprinting and high muscle strength. The ACTN3 gene's most prevalent polymorphism is R577X, a C-to-T base substitution that results in an early stop codon for an arginine base (R) (X).

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