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Answer :
Final answer:
The solution with 0.0100 mol methanol (CH3OH) in 5.00 kg of water will have the highest freezing point among the options given because methanol does not dissociate into ions, resulting in the fewest particles affecting the freezing point. Therefore the correct option is a) 0.0100 mol methanol (CH3OH) in 5.00 kg of water.
Explanation:
The student has asked which of the four solutions provided will have the highest freezing point. The principle that guides the freezing point of a solution is the freezing point depression, which is a colligative property of solutions. The more particles in the solution (factoring in the potential for dissociation into ions), the lower the freezing point. Therefore, the solution with the fewest particles affecting the freezing point will freeze at the highest temperature.
- 0.0100 mol methanol (CH3OH) in 5.00 kg of water does not dissociate into ions, thus contributing 0.0100 mol particles per kilogram of water.
- 0.0100 mol Na2CO3 in 5.00 kg of water dissociates into 3 ions (2 Na+ and 1 CO3^2-) per formula unit, resulting in 3 times the initial molality in terms of particles affecting the freezing point.
- 0.0100 mol Al2(SO4)3 in 5.00 kg of water dissociates into 5 ions (2 Al^3+ and 3 SO4^2-) per formula unit, resulting in 5 times the initial molality in terms of particles affecting the freezing point.
- 0.0100 mol NaCl in 5.00 kg of water dissociates into 2 ions (Na+ and Cl-) per formula unit, resulting in twice the initial molality in terms of particles affecting the freezing point.
Accordingly, the solution with methanol, which does not dissociate into ions, will have the highest freezing point among the options given.
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